Political parties in the United States of America have been, are, and always will be the subject of much criticism. None-the-less, back in early American history in 1787, James Madison wrote The Federalist No. 10 in which he put forth that factions are inherent in society.
The beliefs held by political parties are not cast in stone, nor are political parties stable and permanent. Political parties in the United States have come and gone, risen and fallen, restructured, dealigned, realigned, changed, and evolved.
If you are curious about the history and transformation of U.S. political parties, you might find Copernicus Election Watch, The Parties from EdGate.com to be quite interesting.